1 fwknop-2.0.3 (09/03/2012):
2 - [server] Fernando Arnaboldi from IOActive found several DoS/code
3 execution vulnerabilities for malicious fwknop clients that manage to
4 get past the authentication stage (so a such a client must be in
5 possession of a valid access.conf encryption key). These vulnerabilities
6 manifested themselves in the handling of malformed access requests, and
7 both the fwknopd server code along with libfko now perform stronger input
8 validation of access request data. These vulnerabilities affect
9 pre-2.0.3 fwknop releases.
10 - [server] Fernando Arnaboldi from IOActive found a condition in which
11 the server did not properly validate allow IP addresses from malicious
12 authenticated clients. This has been fixed with stronger allow IP
14 - [client+server] Fernando Arnaboldi from IOActive found that strict
15 filesystem permissions for various fwknop files are not verified. Added
16 warnings whenever permissions are not strict enough, and ensured that
17 files created by the fwknop client and server are only set to user
19 - [client] Fernando Arnaboldi from IOActive found a local buffer overflow
20 in --last processing with a maliciously constructed ~/.fwknop.run file.
21 This has been fixed with proper validation of .fwknop.run arguments.
22 - [server] Fernando Arnaboldi from IOActive found several conditions in
23 which the server did not properly throw out maliciously constructed
24 variables in the access.conf file. This has been fixed along with new
25 fuzzing tests in the test suite.
26 - [test suite] Added a new fuzzing capability to ensure proper server-side
27 input validation. Fuzzing data is constructed with modified fwknop
28 client code that is designed to emulate malicious behavior.
29 - Fixed RPM builds by including the $(DESTDIR) prefix for uninstall-local
30 and install-exec-hook stages in Makefile.am.
32 fwknop-2.0.2 (08/18/2012):
33 - [server] For GPG mode, added a new access.conf variable
34 "GPG_ALLOW_NO_PW" to make it possible to leverage a server-side GPG key
35 pair that has no associated password. This comes in handy when a system
36 requires the user to leverage gpg-agent / pinentry which can present a
37 problem in automated environments as required by the fwknopd server.
38 Now, it might seem like a problem to remove the passphrase from a GPG
39 key pair, but it's important to note that simply doing this is little
40 worse than storing the passphrase in the clear on disk anyway in the
41 access.conf file. Further, this link helps provide additional detail:
43 http://www.gnupg.org/faq/GnuPG-FAQ.html#how-can-i-use-gnupg-in-an-automated-environment
45 - [client] In IP resolution mode (-R) changed HTTP connection type to
46 'close' since there is no need for connection persistence, and indeed the
47 client expects to just get the IP and the connection to be closed.
48 Jonathan Schulz submitted a patch for this.
49 - [client] Bug fix to ensure that all data is read via recv() from a
50 remote webserver IP resolution mode (-R). Previously IP resolution
51 could fail if HTTP headers were transferred separately from the data
52 (for whatever reason). Jonathan Schulz submitted a patch for this.
53 - [client] Added backup check against a cipherdyne.com 'myip' cgi instance
54 in -R mode if the normal check against cipherdyne.org fails.
55 - [server] Bug fix to implement FLUSH_IPT_AT_INIT and FLUSH_IPT_AT_EXIT
56 functionality. These are enabled by default, and now iptables rules
57 added by fwknopd can be made persistent by setting these variables to
58 "N" in the fwknopd.conf file (this is not a recommended setting
60 [server] Added FLUSH_IPFW_AT_INIT and FLUSH_IPFW_AT_EXIT for ipfw
61 firewalls to emulate the corresponding functionality that is implemented
62 for iptables firewalls. This was suggested by Jonathan Schulz.
63 - [server] Replay attack bug fix to ensure that an attacker cannot force a
64 replay attack by intercepting an SPA packet and the replaying it with the
65 base64 version of "Salted__" (for Rijndael) or the "hQ" prefix (for
66 GnuPG). This is an important fix. The following comment was added into
69 /* Ignore any SPA packets that contain the Rijndael or GnuPG prefixes
70 * since an attacker might have tacked them on to a previously seen
71 * SPA packet in an attempt to get past the replay check. And, we're
72 * no worse off since a legitimate SPA packet that happens to include
73 * a prefix after the outer one is stripped off won't decrypt properly
74 * anyway because libfko would not add a new one.
77 - [server] Fixed a memory leak bug in the replay attack detection code.
78 The leak was found with the test suite in --enable-valgrind mode, and
79 here is the valgrind trace that exposed it:
81 44 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 2 of 2
82 at 0x482BE68: malloc (in
83 /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
84 by 0x490EA50: strdup (strdup.c:43)
85 by 0x10CD69: incoming_spa (incoming_spa.c:162)
86 by 0x10E000: process_packet (process_packet.c:200)
87 by 0x4862E63: ??? (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpcap.so.1.1.1)
88 by 0x4865667: pcap_dispatch (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpcap.so.1.1.1)
89 by 0x10DABF: pcap_capture (pcap_capture.c:226)
90 by 0x10A798: main (fwknopd.c:299)
92 - [test suite] Added GPG tests for keyrings that have no associated
94 - [server] Implemented a new check to ensure that the iptables 'comment'
95 match exists to ensure the proper environment for fwknopd operations.
96 This check is controlled by the new ENABLE_IPT_COMMENT_CHECK variable,
97 and was suggested by Hank Leininger.
98 - [server] 'make install' fix to ensure restrictive permissions on the
99 /etc/fwknop/ directory and /etc/fwknop/* files. Also updated the 'make
100 install' step to not overwrite any existing config files in /etc/fwknop/
101 and instead install new copies from the source tree at
102 /etc/fwknop/fwknopd.conf.inst and /etc/fwknop/access.conf.inst
104 fwknop-2.0.1 (07/23/2012):
105 - [server] Bug fix where the same encryption key used for two stanzas in
106 the access.conf file would result in access requests that matched the
107 second stanza to always be treated as a replay attack. This has been
108 fixed for the fwknop-2.0.1 release, and was reported by Andy Rowland. Now
109 the fwknopd server computes the SHA256 digest of raw incoming payload
110 data before decryption, and compares this against all previous hashes.
111 Previous to this commit, fwknopd would add a new hash to the replay
112 digest list right after the first access.conf stanza match, so when SPA
113 packet data matched the second access.conf stanza a matching replay
114 digest would already be there.
115 - [server] Updated PCAP_LOOP_SLEEP default to 1/10th of a second (in
116 microseconds). This was supposed to be the default anyway, but C
117 Anthony Risinger reported a bug where fwknopd was consuming more
118 resources than necessary, and the cause was PCAP_LOOP_SLEEP set by
119 default to 1/100th of a second - this has been fixed.
120 - [libfko] Added SPA message validation calls to fko decoding routines to
121 help ensure that SPA messages conform to expected values.
122 - Bug fix for PF firewalls: updated the PF anchor check to not rely on
123 listing the PF policy - fwknopd now uses 'pfctl -s Anchor' instead.
124 - [test suite] Added parsing of valgrind output to produce a listing of
125 functions that have been flagged - this assists in the development
126 process to ensure that fwknop is not leaking memory.
127 - [test suite] Bug fix on Mac OS X systems to account for libfko.dylib path
128 instead of libfko.so. This fixes the existence check for libfko.
129 - [test suite] Added tests for --nat-local mode.
130 - [client] Fixed several minor memory leaks caught by valgrind.
131 - [libfko] Minor gcc warning fix: fko_decode.c:43:17: warning: variable
132 'edata_size' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable].
133 - Updated fwknopd init script for Debian systems (contributed by Franck
136 fwknop-2.0 (01/02/2012):
137 - This is the first production release that has been completely re-written
138 in C. This brings Single Packet Authorization functionality to all sorts
139 of machines from embedded devices to large systems. iptables, ipfw, and
140 pf firewalls are supported by the fwknopd daemon, and the fwknop client
141 is known to work on most major *NIX environments, the iPhone and Android
142 operating systems, and Cygwin under Windows.
143 - Added FORCE_NAT mode to the access.conf file so that for any valid SPA
144 packet, force the requested connection to be NAT'd through to the
145 specified (usually internal) IP and port value. This is useful if there
146 are multiple internal systems running a service such as SSHD, and you
147 want to give transparent access to only one internal system for each
148 stanza in the access.conf file. This way, multiple external users can
149 each directly access only one internal system per SPA key.
150 - Added two new access.conf variables are added "ACCESS_EXPIRE" and
151 "ACCESS_EXPIRE_EPOCH" to allow access stanzas to be expired without
152 having to modify the access.conf file and restart fwknopd.
153 - Added a new feature to allow an access stanza that matches the SPA source
154 address to not automatically short circuit other stanzas if there is an
155 error (such as when there are multiple encryption keys involved and an
156 incoming SPA packet is meant for, say, the second stanza and the first
157 therefore doesn't allow proper decryption).
158 - Bug fix to exclude SPA packets with timestamps in the future that are too
159 great (old packets were properly excluded already).
160 - Bug fix to honor the fwknop client --time-offset-plus and
161 --time-offset-minus options
162 - Added DNAT mode tests, minor memory leak fix in NAT mode, added fwknopd
163 check for ENABLE_IPT_FORWARDING variable before attempting NAT access.
164 - [test suite] Added --diff mode to compare results from one execution to